Khomas

Windhoek (≈ 480 000 in Greater Windhoek) is the demographic, political and economic centre of Khomas and of the country as a whole. It sits in a basin on the central plateau at 1 700 m and operates as the country's only proper city — every national institution, the only international airport with intercontinental traffic, every major hotel chain, the country's best restaurants, the central Namibian Craft Centre, and the start and end of nearly every self-drive itinerary in the country. The Wilhelmine architectural personality of the centre — Christuskirche, Alte Feste, Tintenpalast, the three Klein Windhoek castles — comes from the 1884–1915 German colonial period. The Independence Memorial Museum opened in 2014 on the hill behind the Alte Feste presents the country's pre-colonial, colonial and independence history across five floors. Klein Windhoek and Olympia hold the city's better restaurant scene — Joe's Beerhouse, The Stellenbosch Tasting Room, Leo's at the Castle in the Heinitzburg, Käpps in Swakopmund's Konditorei tradition. Katutura township on the city's western edge dates from a 1959 urban-restructuring period and today holds the demographic majority of the city; it is best explored on a guided township tour.

Daan Viljoen Game Reserve, 24 km west of central Windhoek on the C28 (the Bosua Pass road), is the closest National Park to the capital and the most reliable Khomas-area game stop. The 39 km² reserve sits in the Khomas Hochland and holds springbok, gemsbok, blue wildebeest, eland, giraffe, mountain zebra and kudu in a one-hour self-drive loop or on the marked Wag-'n-Bietjie hiking trail. The Sun Karros Daan Viljoen chalets and campsite are the in-park accommodation. Around Daan Viljoen and along the C26 and C28 corridors, the Khomas Hochland is dotted with private game farms and mountain lodges: Heja Lodge (in the Auas Mountains south of Windhoek), Eningu Clayhouse Lodge, the Olive Exclusive (closer to the city), Gocheganas (35 km south, Khomas Hochland views), Hilltop Guesthouse and the GocheGanas Wellness Village — these are the accessible 'first night in / last night before flying out' bases for travellers who want to be near Hosea Kutako Airport without overnighting in central Windhoek.

Two gravel routes run west across the Khomas Hochland from Windhoek to the Atlantic coast, both more scenic alternatives to the tarred B2. The C26 (via the Bosua Pass and the Gamsberg) is the more dramatic of the two — a 4–5 hour drive through the highest part of the Hochland, including the Gamsberg viewpoint at 2 347 m which on a clear day offers one of the country's most panoramic mountain-to-desert vistas. The road descends steeply down the Hochland's western escarpment via the Spreetshoogte Pass area (the steepest paved-and-gravel pass in Namibia, technically just south in Hardap) and across the Namib-Naukluft to the coast. The C28 (also via Daan Viljoen and the Bosua Pass, but a slightly different alignment) is the more direct alternative — also 4–5 hours, less dramatic at the top, but with the Goanikontes Oasis lunch stop in the lower Swakop riverbed. Both passes are gravel and best driven in a 4x4 or AWD; the C26 in particular has steep gradients that small sedans struggle with after rain. Self-drivers heading west who have time often choose one of these instead of the B2.

The Auas Mountains south of Windhoek — a sub-range of the Khomas Hochland reaching the Aris Peak at 2 480 m — offer the city's nearest sustained walking and hiking. The Heja Lodge area on the M51 to the south is a private game farm with eland, hartebeest and mountain zebra in a 4 800-hectare reserve, plus marked walking trails and the Heja restaurant for hot-air-balloon-launch breakfasts. The Avis Dam on the eastern edge of the city — a small drinking-water reservoir built in 1933 — has become Windhoek's local cycling and birdwatching loop, with the 2-hour walking trail around the dam popular as a morning escape. The Klein Windhoek River walk between Eros Airport and the central business district is the city's pleasant short walking circuit. Aris (35 km south of the city on the B1) has a small hot-springs lodge — less developed than the better-known thermal springs at Gross Barmen south of Okahandja, but accessible as a half-day from the capital.

Hosea Kutako International Airport (WDH), 45 km east of central Windhoek on the B6, is the country's only intercontinental gateway. It handles Lufthansa Discover from Frankfurt, Edelweiss from Zürich, Qatar Airways from Doha, Ethiopian from Addis Ababa, South African Airways and Airlink from Johannesburg and Cape Town, and seasonal charters. There is no rail link; transfers are by taxi (around N$ 500–600 one-way), pre-booked shuttle (cheaper, around N$ 250–350) or rental car. The B6 east of the airport continues to the Trans-Kalahari Border Post (Mamuno on the Botswana side) — one of the country's 10 Visa-on-Arrival entry points — and on to Gobabis (the Omaheke regional centre) and the Botswana border. The Khomas region's eastern edge is at the Gobabis turn-off, where the B6 leaves Khomas and enters the Omaheke region. The same airport serves as the country's main air-cargo gateway and the country's only proper duty-free shopping is in the airport's international departures area.

Heroes' Acre, 12 km south of central Windhoek on the B1, is the country's national-memorial garden — inaugurated in 2002 by then-President Sam Nujoma to commemorate the SWAPO independence movement (1966–1990) and the founding figures of independent Namibia. The memorial site, dominated by an obelisk and an unknown-soldier monument, hosts annual Heroes' Day commemorations on 26 August. The site is open to visitors and the access is free. South of Heroes' Acre, the B1 continues through the Khomas region toward Rehoboth (a Baster-community town in the Hardap region, 90 km south) and on to the Mariental–Keetmanshoop–South African border corridor. The B1 within Khomas itself is largely empty, with a few small commercial farms and game ranches and no settlements of size between Windhoek and the Hardap boundary.

Khomas has no urban public transport beyond Windhoek's informal taxis and Bolt (operating as Lefa). Every Khomas trip outside the city is a rental-car trip — typically a 4x4 collected at Hosea Kutako Airport. The B1 (north-south) and B6 (east) are tarred all the way; the B2 west is tarred to Swakopmund; the C26 and C28 west are gravel through the Khomas Hochland passes. Mobile coverage on MTC and Telecom Namibia is reliable throughout the city, on the B-roads and at the airport, intermittent on the C-roads of the Hochland interior. Card payment including contactless is universal in Windhoek; the smaller Hochland farm lodges sometimes prefer cash. ATMs are abundant in central Windhoek and at the airport — both N$ and ZAR work. The region operates almost entirely in English, with German widely spoken in the older central businesses, Afrikaans common as a second language, and Oshiwambo and Otjiherero widely heard in Katutura township.